论采石场的生态恢复和景观重建——以山东省菏泽市巨野县为例

简述了我国采石场的现状及所带来的种种环境问题,以及国内外研究现状,通过分析山东省菏泽市巨野县采石场生态恢复和景观重建所采取的措施,力求探索出一条符合我国国情的采石场生态恢复和景观重建之路。     

Effects of selection felling and gap felling on forest arthropod communities: a case study in a spruce-beech stand of southern Bavaria

The effects of selection felling and gap felling on arthropod communities were studied over 3 years in a spruce-beech stand in southern Bavaria, Germany. The arthropods were sampled in three strata, using pitfall traps on the forest floor as well as flight-interception traps near the forest floor and in the tree crowns. Coleoptera, Araneae, Opiliones, Heteroptera, Isopoda, Diplopoda and Neuropterida were determined to species level and assigned to ecological guilds. In general, the effects of both treatments on arthropod communities were small. An increase of eurytopic species and species of open woodland as well as of indwellers of deadwood was observed, mainly in the first year after felling. However, forest species dominated the communities in all plots, strata and years. In contrast to selection fellings, gap fellings might favour potential pest species. Nevertheless, in the studied managed spruce-dominated forest site out of the natural growth range of spruce, negative ecological effects such as the repression of forest arthropod species are not expected by small scale fellings.     

江西省森林生态体系建设对策研究

随着产权制度改革的不断深入,江西森林生态体系建设面临的压力将越来越大。本文在充分调查和深入分析江西生态建设优劣势的基础上,按照生态经济学的一般原理,本文对森林生态体系建设的内涵、公益林区划标准、规模比例提出了自己的见解,对公益林补偿标准进行了系统的框架设计,并提出了完善森林生态体系建设的若干配套政策建议。     

森林与生态环境

文章运用大量数据和事实 ,详述了森林——这一陆地生态系统的主要构成者 ,在保护陆地生态、改善人类生存环境中的多种功能和作用 ,是不可替代也是无与伦比的。对此 ,人类社会正逐步达成共识。文章还针对我国西部开发及内蒙古生态建设中的森林保护问题提出积极建议     

Promoting old-growth characteristics and long-term wood production in Douglas-fir forests

Trade-offs among wood production, wood quality and ecological characteristics in the management of harvested forest stands are explored through model simulation of various silvicultural regimes. Long-term production of merchantable wood, production of various types of high-quality wood, and the level of certain quantitative ecological indicators are projected for coniferous forests of Pacific Northwestern USA. The set of ecological indicators used is based on the species composition and physical structure of old, unlogged forest stands. Simulations are performed with an ecological model of forest stand dynamics that tracks the fate of live and dead trees. Short rotations (<50 years) produce the least amount of high-quality wood over the multi-century simulation period. They also fail to generate ecological attributes resembling those of old forest stands. Production of high-quality wood is moderate to high under all rotations of 80 years or more; however, most ecological indicators require longer rotations unless alternatives to clearcutting are applied. Alternatives examined include retention of 15% cover of live tree canopy at each harvest in combination with artificial thinning between harvests. Thinning from below can expedite the development of large live and dead trees, and canopy height diversity without greatly diminishing wood quantity or quality. Proportional thinning retains understory stems, thereby expediting the recruitment of shade-tolerant trees. A possible drawback to thinning, particularly proportional thinning, is the diminished production of clean-bole wood at rotations of 150 and 260 years. It is concluded that most wood quantity, wood quality and ecological objectives can be met with long rotations (ca. 260 years). Certain objectives can be met with shorter rotations (80–150 years) when treatments of thinning and canopy tree retention are applied.     

21世纪毛竹林生态经营战略

本文针对当前毛竹经营特点与经营现状，提出了21世纪毛竹经营应实施生态经营，这样不权可以获得最高的竹林经济效益和社会效益，也能发挥最大的效益。     

林区可持续发展的战略研究

通过对林区生态和环境资源的经济化运作，林区经济结构及运行机制，林区人口等问题的论述，提出应将林区可持续发展做为系统场的运行来研究，以实现林区真正的可持续发展。     

麦克哈格的整体性规划思想研究——以伍德兰兹社区生态规划项目为例

以经典案例——伍德兰兹社区生态规划思路为例,探讨麦克哈格(Ian McHarg)的整体性设计思想。研究以规划文本中的“生态清单”作为研究对象,凝练麦克哈格的整体性思想,并结合其提出的规划设计框架,总结出适用于当今风景园林规划设计的场地生态因子及其对应指标的整体性框架,揭示了麦克哈格的规划设计智慧——在规划设计中需要从整体性思想的角度考虑场地的全要素,其中包括生态因子之间与设计要素之间的互动耦合关系,才能得出与真实世界中的复杂性问题相匹配的规划设计方案。     

从生态园林城市可持续发展看我省城市创建思路

用可持续发展观对建设生态园林城市工作进行分析,探讨我省创建园林城市和生态园林城市的思路和方法。     

常绿阔叶林的可持续经营

通过对常绿阔叶林研究，努力探索一条发展常绿阔叶林的途径。将阔叶林划分为3个经营类型，分别为：初期幼龄林组成抚育类型、中期幼龄林抚育间伐类型、中龄林密度管理类型。并提出小面积皆伐的采伐方式。同时对常绿阔叶林的生态功能和生产力进行初步研究。